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How Your Brain Processes Rejection

No matter who you are, rejection hurts. Scientists are able to map the very-real processes behind our social aches — and learn how similar they are to physical pain.

Emilie Lucchesi
ByEmilie Le Beau Lucchesi
Credit: Andrii Yalanskyi/Shutterstock

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Being cut from a team. Learning on social media how a friend hosted a party and didn’t invite you. Seeing your ex-partner across the restaurant enjoying a romantic dinner with someone new. All these forms of social pain are hurtful, and scientists have found the ache is indeed real.

Studies have identified that the brain processes social pain similarly to physical pain, and they believe it’s an evolutionary response. For early humans, being part of a group meant having access to increased safety and resources. Being rejected by the group left a person alone and vulnerable. Thus, humans evolved to seek social acceptance while perceiving social rejection as a threat to well-being. Associating exclusion with pain served to motivate humans to avoid threats to their social ties.

That means pain from a break-up, firing, or dissolution of a friendship is very real. Similar to instances of physical pain, the same ...

  • Emilie Lucchesi

    Emilie Le Beau Lucchesi

    Emilie Le Beau Lucchesi, Ph.D., is a freelance journalist who regularly contributes to Discover Magazine. She reports on the social sciences, medical history, and new scientific discoveries.

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