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Ancient Humans Carved Up Elephant Meat with Small, Yet Sophisticated Stone Tools

Learn about the 430,000-year-old stone tools and techniques that allowed ancient humans to butcher elephant meat for a hefty meal.

ByJack Knudson
(Image Courtesy of Dalila De Caro). Dalila De Caro

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Ancient hominins needed the right stone tools to butcher their meals, a long-lived technique of food preparation that helped our ancestors’ bellies stay full. A 430,000-year-old set of stone tools found in Greece shows just how sophisticated meat-cutting was in the Middle Pleistocene.

A new study published in PLOS One details the discovery of stone tools at Marathousa 1, located in the Megalopolis Basin of the Peloponnese region, and is among Greece's oldest archaeological sites. The site also contained remains of the extinct straight-tusked elephant (Palaeoloxodon antiquus), implying that the hominins who once lived there had used the tools for butchery.

Meat-cutting has been a mainstay of the human skill set for over 2 million years. Evidence suggests that early hominins used simple stone tools to carve smaller slices of meat from animal carcasses as early as 2.5 million years ago. Research has even proposed that the ability to butcher ...

  • Jack Knudson

    Jack Knudson is an assistant editor at Discover with a strong interest in environmental science and history. Before joining Discover in 2023, he studied journalism at the Scripps College of Communication at Ohio University and previously interned at Recycling Today magazine.

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