Hominins Made Bone Tools 1.5 Million Years Ago, Hinting At Abstract Thought

Learn more about the earliest “factory” of bone tools ever discovered, which saw the systematic shaping of bone some 1 million years before other such “factories.”

By Sam Walters
Mar 5, 2025 10:15 PMMar 5, 2025 10:16 PM
Early humans turned elephant humerus bones into tools.
Early humans turned elephant and hippo bones, including the elephant humerus above, into tools around 1.5 million years ago. (Credit: CSIC)

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Archaeologists have dug up a collection of mass-produced bone tools, the earliest ever discovered, suggesting that hominins systematically made tools out of bone around 1 million years earlier than previously thought. Described in a Nature study, the collection contains 27 fossilized tools that were fashioned around 1.5 million years ago.

According to the archaeologists, this tool “factory” indicates that hominins exhibited advanced abstract thought early on in their history.

“The tools show evidence that their creators carefully worked the bones, chipping off flakes to create useful shapes,” said Renata F. Peters, an archaeologist at University College London who was involved in the discovery, according to a press release. “We were excited to find these bone tools from such an early timeframe. It means that human ancestors were capable of transferring skills from stone to bone, a level of complex cognition that we haven’t seen elsewhere for another million years.”


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