Plesiosaur Sheds Light on Marine Reptile Evolution During the Jurassic Period

Meet Plesiopterys wildi, the marine reptile that may have been endemic to its region and may hold the key to understanding plesiosaur evolution.

By Monica Cull
Mar 31, 2025 9:00 PMMar 31, 2025 9:04 PM
plesiosaur-fossil
(A) Ventral view of the mandible and associated skull elements. (B) Mandible and skull elements labeled. (C) Left lateral view of the mandible. Abbreviations: an, angular; art, articular; d, dentary; j, jugal; R. mx, right maxilla; L. mx, left maxilla; p, palatine; R. pm, right premaxilla; sp, splenial; s.r., symphyseal ridge; sur, surangular. (Image Credit: Klaus Nilkens/Urwelt-Museum Hauff/Marx et al.)

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After making a splash in early 2025 with the identification of its 183-million-year-old fossilized skin, the plesiosaur fossil MH7 (Holzmaden specimen), uncovered in Germany, is making headlines again. 

A new study published in PeerJ Life and Environment looks at how this plesiosaur fossil may offer clues to how this species evolved and expanded around Europe 180 million years ago. 

“The Holzmaden specimen gives us an unprecedented look at Plesiopterys wildi in a more mature stage of development, allowing us to refine our understanding of this species and its place in plesiosaur evolution,” Miguel Marx, lead study author from Lund University, said in a press release. “It also suggests that distinct plesiosaur communities may have evolved in different regions of the European seas during the Early Jurassic.”

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