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Evolutionary Origins of the Strange Platypus and Echidna Found at Dinosaur Cove

Analysis of single bone may tell us if the platypus is an evolutionary anomaly — starting on land, then returning to water.

ByPaul Smaglik
Image Credit: Daniel Eskridge/Shutterstock

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Scientists may have gotten the evolutionary origins of some of the strangest animals on the planet backward. They’ve long thought that monotremes — egg-laying mammals that include the platypus and hedgehog-like creatures known as echidnas — originated on land. The platypus took the occasional aquatic foray, making it semi-aquatic, while echidnas stayed out of the water, the thinking went.

But new analysis of a bone found 30 years ago may mean that theory requires a revision. A single humerus, originally discovered at Dinosaur Cove in southeastern Australia, indicates that modern monotremes arose from water-dwelling ancestors, according to a report in the journal PNAS.

“We’re talking about a semiaquatic mammal that gave up the water for a terrestrial existence, and while that would be an extremely rare event, we think that’s what happened with echidnas,” Suzanne Hand, a paleontologist with Australia’s University of New South Wales, and an author of the ...

  • Paul Smaglik

    Before joining Discover Magazine, Paul Smaglik spent over 20 years as a science journalist, specializing in U.S. life science policy and global scientific career issues. He began his career in newspapers, but switched to scientific magazines. His work has appeared in publications including Science News, Science, Nature, and Scientific American.

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