A Massive, Potentially Star-Forming Cloud Is Relatively Close to Earth

For the first time, astronomers located a molecular cloud by detecting hydrogen, its key component, rather than other molecules like carbon monoxide that not all such clouds contain.

By Paul Smaglik
Apr 28, 2025 9:00 PMApr 29, 2025 3:51 PM
Star formation in nebula
Star formation in nebula not associated with the study. (Image Credit: IvaFoto/Shutterstock)

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Astronomers have discovered a massive molecular cloud that is also a huge possible star producer — of the celestial sort.

The cloud has been hiding in plain sight. Astronomers just needed the right tools to see one of the largest single structures in the sky and among the closest to the sun and Earth ever to be detected. By using a new technique, they detected the cloud's key component — molecular hydrogen, the scientists report in Nature Astronomy.

“The data showed glowing hydrogen molecules detected via fluorescence in the far ultraviolet,” Blakesley Burkhart, an astronomer at Rutgers University and an author of the paper, said in a press release. “This cloud is literally glowing in the dark.”

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