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Leeches and Maggots Are FDA-Approved and Still Used in Modern Medicine

The only two living animals approved as medical devices in the U.S. have ebbed and flowed in usage. Some practitioners and patients swear by the results.

(Credit: Yarkovoy/Shutterstock) Yarkovoy/Shutterstock

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The course of modern wound care changed one day in the late 1980s because a medical resident at the University of California, Irvine, named Ronald Sherman wore a butterfly-patterned tie. The chief resident of plastic surgery noticed it, recalls Sherman. “He said, ‘Do you know anything about bugs?’ I said, ‘Yeah, I was an entomology major.’ He said, ‘Ever heard of maggot therapy?’”The rest became creepy-crawly history that’s ended up saving countless lives and limbs: a resurgence of therapy using maggots and leeches, which are the only two live animals FDA-approved as medical devices.

Using maggots and leeches on the human body goes way back — the ancient Greek physician Galen referenced them more than two thousand years ago. Striped barber poles, in fact, are a callback to the good old medieval days when you could get some bloodletting done in the same trip to get a haircut. The ball ...

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