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Oldest-Known Fossil of Creature That Seems Part Reptile, Part Mammal Found

Learn how the Gorgonopsian fossil was found in Mallorca, dating back 270 million years, and was discovered far from other places the saber-toothed animal prowled.

ByPaul Smaglik
Reconstruction of the appearance in life of a gorgonopsian in a floodplain of the Permian of Mallorca (Henry Sutherland Sharpe ©)

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The oldest known saber-toothed predator, dating back over 270 million years ago, appears to have been an animal caught in the evolutionary middle, according to a report in Nature Communications.

The gorgonopsian excavated in Mallorca laid eggs, unlike most mammals. But it was warm-blooded, unlike reptiles. Its leg shape and position were halfway between mammal and reptile. And its saber teeth were more commonly associated with mammals like Smilodon, which emerged in North America about 2.5 million years ago. It looked sort of like a 3-foot-long dog — but without ears or fur.

Gorgonopsians lived between 270 million years and 250 million years ago and are classified as synapsids, which are a group of animals that have both reptilian and mammalian qualities. Scientists believe mammals emerged from their lineage about 200 million years ago.

This particular gorgonopsian is unusual for a few other reasons as well. No other members of ...

  • Paul Smaglik

    Before joining Discover Magazine, Paul Smaglik spent over 20 years as a science journalist, specializing in U.S. life science policy and global scientific career issues. He began his career in newspapers, but switched to scientific magazines. His work has appeared in publications including Science News, Science, Nature, and Scientific American.

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