Fossils Solve a Nervous System Mystery in Molting Animals

Learn about the wide-ranging Ecdysozoa group of animals and how scientists solved the curious case of their nervous systems' structure.

By Jack Knudson
Jan 13, 2025 2:00 PM
Nematode ecdysozoa
This nematode is part of the clade Ecdysozoa, the subject of new research on animal nervous systems. (Credit: shoma81/Shutterstock)

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With so many elusive creatures occupying the forgotten corners of Earth, scientists are always knee-deep in mysteries that form the fabric of the animal kingdom.

A big part of the puzzle is understanding how certain animals have developed distinct characteristics from ancestors that lived hundreds of millennia ago; for one group of animals, Ecdysozoa, the debate surrounding the ancient evolution of their nervous systems is now settled thanks to a new study published in Science Advances

What Are Ecdysozoans? 

Ecdysozoa is a group of animals that includes arthropods (insects, crustaceans), nematodes, and other worm-like organisms. One of the defining hallmarks of ecdysozoan animals is ecdysis, the process of molting, or shedding, their cuticle, an exoskeleton that covers their body like a protective set of armor. 

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