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Giant Kangaroos' Weight at 375 Pounds and Limited Roaming Likely Led to Their Extinction

Unlike massive mammals, mega marsupials 300,000 years ago limited their dining options by keeping close to home.

ByPaul Smaglik
An image of the field site, Mount Etna, Rockhampton, central-eastern Queensland. Caves can be found on the western flank of Mount Etna.Image Credit: Chris Laurikainen Gaete, CC-BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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Australia’s giant kangaroos of yesteryear were likely homebodies — and that inclination ultimately did them in.

The massive marsupial megaherbivores, which, at an estimated 375 pounds, weighed more than twice as much as contemporary kangaroos, really had no reason to wander. Until about 280,000 years ago, they lived in a plant-eater’s Eden — a lush rainforest that, to them, probably seemed like the ultimate salad bar.

But their inability — or unwillingness — likely led to their extinction when the climate started changing, according to a new study in the journal PLOS ONE.

Earlier studies proposed that Protemnodon didn’t have the physical ability to hop very far. Their unwieldy size and ungainly body shape rendered them unsuitable for long-distance foraging. This runs contrary to large mammalian herbivores, in which the bigger the body size, the wider the foraging range. Consider the buffalo. Studies of other ancient kangaroo species suggest they ...

  • Paul Smaglik

    Before joining Discover Magazine, Paul Smaglik spent over 20 years as a science journalist, specializing in U.S. life science policy and global scientific career issues. He began his career in newspapers, but switched to scientific magazines. His work has appeared in publications including Science News, Science, Nature, and Scientific American.

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