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Does cursing at the referee make a penalty more likely?

Exploring soccer referee verbal abuse: Are red cards always issued for swearing? Discover the survey's surprising results.

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Photo: flickr/Ingy The Wingy

When you're a soccer player, verbally abusing the referee is probably not the best idea--in fact, according to the soccer rulebook, it's an automatic red card. But is this always the outcome in a real game? Here, a group of researchers from Austria surveyed soccer referees to find out whether they would actually give red card after being cursed at. The subjects took a survey that included a list of 28 swear words, and they were asked how they would respond if they were called these names during a real game. Turns out that the type of insult was a major determinant of the response: "sexually inclined words or phrases" were more likely to earn a red card than "terms insulting one's appearance." With the Superbowl coming up, we wonder whether these results are applicable to other sports as well?

May I curse a referee? Swear ...

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