Figure 1B, Strong Purifying Selection at Synonymous Sites in D. melanogaster
Central Dogma One of the elementary aspects of understanding genetics on a biophysical scale is to characterize the set of processes which span the chasm between the raw sequence information of base pairs (e.g. AGCGGTCGCAAG....) and the assorted macromolecules which are woven together to create the collection of tissues, and enable the physiological processes, which result in the organism. This suite of phenomena are encapsulated most succinctly in the often maligned Central Dogma of Molecular Biology. In short, the information of the DNA sequence is transcribed and translated into proteins. Though for greater accuracy and precision one must always add the caveats of phenomena such as splicing. The baroque character of the range of processes is such an extent that molecular genetics has become a massive enterprise, to a great extent superseding classical Mendelian genetics. One critical structural detail ...
