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What Causes Our Brains to Age?

As we age, neurons shrink and the connections between them begin to weaken.

ByAlex Orlando
(Credit: Ljupco Smokovski/Shutterstock)

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Much like the rest of your body, your aging brain is inevitable. In fact, throughout your lifetime, the three-pound organ will change more than any other body part. Many older adults may struggle with recalling names and numbers, remembering appointments, multitasking and committing new concepts to memory.

Scientists are still puzzling together different areas of cognitive research to figure out how the brain shifts over time. As you age, different areas of the brain shrink, particularly those involved in learning and other higher-level tasks. The connections between your neurons, or nerve cells, degrade, leading to slower processing of information. And the overall flow of blood in the brain may decrease, too. Yet there is increasing evidence that the brain is still “plastic,” or able to adapt and change, despite normal aging.

It’s easy to associate the aging brain, and any resulting mental lapses, with Alzheimer’s disease. The illness typically destroys ...

  • Alex Orlando

    Alex is a senior associate editor at Discover. Before he joined the Discover team in 2019, he worked as a reporter for the Half Moon Bay Review and as a staff writer for Houston’s Texas Medical Center. His work has also appeared in The Verge and San Francisco Magazine. Alex holds a master's degree in journalism from UC Berkeley.

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