Music Helped Connect Hunter-Gatherer Groups in Central Africa

How did music shape language? For hunter-gatherers in Central Africa, music may have worked as a social network.

By Paul Smaglik
May 29, 2024 8:30 PMMay 29, 2024 8:32 PM
Drumming Hunter-Gatherers
Bayaka hunter-gatherers in Congo playing musical instruments and dancing, which helps them to spread cultural traits and specialized vocabulary between different groups. (Credit: Rodolph Schlaepfer, University of Zurich)

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Social networks existed long before Facebook, LinkedIn, or Instagram. But how they formed in ancient times has sometimes stymied scientists. Now, a study in Nature Human Behaviour demonstrates that music played an important role in connecting different hunter-gatherer groups in Central Africa.

Central Africa provides a rich trove of history for anthropologists to plumb. Hunter-gatherers have lived there for hundreds of thousands of years. But finding the cultural connectivity that has developed between communities over that time period is challenging, in part because modernization sometimes squelches older ties.

How Hunter-Gatherers Learned Language

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