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2021’s Hottest Fossil Was Actually Found Over 85 Years Ago

A skull hidden for nearly a century may belong to an elusive type of ancient human, or a brand new species.

Credit: Chuang Zhao

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This story was originally published in our January/February 2022 issue. Click here to subscribe to read more stories like this one.

In late 2017, paleontologist Qiang Ji showed his anthropologist colleague Xijun Ni photos of a human skull with a hefty browridge. Besides missing all but one tooth, the cranium appeared remarkably intact — making it one of the best-preserved skulls from any human ancestor or relative. “I was shocked,” recalls Ni. “I said, ‘This is the most important discovery, [more] than any of your dinosaurs.’ ”

Ji, a dinosaur expert at Hebei GEO University in China, didn’t excavate the specimen. It reportedly surfaced in 1933, when a contractor was building a bridge near Harbin City in northeast China. After encountering the fossil, he stashed it in a well to protect it from Japanese occupiers. The noggin remained there for 85 years, until the dying man divulged its location. His ...

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