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How We Know a Volcano Is Restless in Remote Alaska

The Alaska Volcano Observatory recently raised the alert status of Makushin on the island of Unalaska. How does AVO know a volcano is restless when few are around to see it?

Rocky Planet iconRocky Planet
By Erik Klemetti
Jun 16, 2020 7:00 PMJun 17, 2020 7:57 PM
Makushin
The summit of Makushin in Alaska, seen on Aug. 16, 2019. (Credit: AVO/USGS)

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Out on the Alaskan island of Unalaska sits Makushin. This volcano is covered in a thick layer of ice and snow. And although it is not far — as the crow flies — from Dutch Harbor, it is extremely inaccessible. Yet, as part of its tasked mission, the Alaska Volcano Observatory must watch for signs that this volcano might be rumbling back to life.

Makushin is a volcano with a busy and sometimes violent history. The last known eruption from the caldera volcano was back in 1995; over the past few centuries, Makushin has produced at least a dozen blasts. Some of these eruptions were as large as VEI 3 (something close to the same size as the 2010 eruptions at Mount Merapi in Indonesia).

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