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An Underwater Volcano Off of Oregon Coast May Erupt by End of 2025

Frequent earthquakes 300 miles off the coast of Oregon signal escalation for the underwater volcano named Axial Seamount.

ByPaul Smaglik
This underwater volcano magma explosion is located in Hawaii, and not an image of Axial Seamount.Credit: Iryna Svir/Shutterstock

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A sleeping giant of a volcano is stirring in its underwater bed.

The volcano, tucked underneath a submerged peak called Axial Seamount, is the most active volcano in the Pacific Northwest. Seismic activity, including hundreds of small earthquakes a day, indicate an eruption may be forthcoming — perhaps by the end of 2025, according to a blog kept by Bill Chadwick, a volcanologist who’s been closely monitoring activity associated with Axial Seamount, for years.

That seismic activity is a harbinger. “An eruption does not seem imminent, but it can't do this forever," Chadwick and his colleague, University of North Carolina geophysicist Scott Nooner, wrote in an Oregon State University blog post.

The volcano, about 300 miles off the coast of Oregon and a mile beneath the ocean’s surface, is among the most monitored in the world and has been under observation since 1997. When the volcano erupts, it likely won’t ...

  • Paul Smaglik

    Before joining Discover Magazine, Paul Smaglik spent over 20 years as a science journalist, specializing in U.S. life science policy and global scientific career issues. He began his career in newspapers, but switched to scientific magazines. His work has appeared in publications including Science News, Science, Nature, and Scientific American.

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