What We Do and Do Not Know About COVID-19’s Infectious Dose and Viral Load

Two virologists share their thoughts about these often-used terms.

By Seema Lakdawala, University of Pittsburgh and Marta Gaglia, Tufts University
Apr 18, 2020 8:00 PMApr 20, 2020 5:20 PM
Virus
SARS-CoV-2 virus particles, isolated from a patient and imaged using a transmission electron micrograph. (Credit: NIAID)

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As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads, it has become clear that people need to understand basic facts about SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, to make informed health care and public policy decisions. Two basic virological concepts have gotten a lot of attention recently — the “infectious dose” and the “viral load” of SARS-CoV-2.

As influenza virologists, these are concepts that we often think about when studying respiratory virus infections and transmission.

What is an ‘infectious dose’?

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