The Biology of Hand-Washing

The "handscape" is a territory filled with hideouts. Islands of grease give shelter to cold and flu viruses.

By Gurney Williams III
Dec 1, 1999 6:00 AMApr 12, 2023 1:50 PM

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Seen under ultraviolet light, simulated germs glow from a hand’s wrinkles, cuticles, and“subungual spaces,” even after a normal hand-washing.

Zung Wan Kim, a surgeon in Port Chester, New York, preps for surgery like a prizefighter before a major bout. First he punches a soap dispenser button with his foot and delivers a low blow to a faucet switch with his knee. Then he rubs the soap over his hands for more than a minute and rinses it off with graceful left and right hooks under the stream of water. He jabs at his nails with a sterile brush for more than another minute, rinses, scrubs his hands with a sterile sponge, rinses again, and then repeats the initial wash and rinse. Ding! The bell goes off on Kim's timer, ending a full five-minute round of hand-washing. 

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